Domestic Production And Processing Of Food For Import Substitution In Belize

Abstract

This study examines Belize’s heavy dependence on imported food and identifies strategies to expand domestic food production and processing as a means of reducing foreign exchange outflows. Conducted through a two-phase FAO-supported project, the research analyzes the country’s food import patterns, production constraints, and opportunities for import substitution across major commodities such as rice, soybeans, potatoes, onions, pork, dairy, and various agro-processed products. Key constraints include high labor and input costs, limited agricultural machinery, inadequate storage and road infrastructure, inconsistent quality standards, and consumer bias toward imported foods. The study provides prefeasibility profiles for priority crops and agro-industries, emphasizing investment potential in both farm production and processing (e.g., tomato ketchup, mixed vegetables). Policy recommendations highlight the need for improved market intelligence, targeted incentives, strengthened agricultural extension, and a more supportive trade and tariff environment. The report concludes that while some progress has been made between 1990 and 1992, strategic action by government, farmers, and processors is essential to enhance competitiveness, strengthen food security, and achieve sustainable import substitution.